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std:: identity

From cppreference.net
Utilities library
Function objects
Function invocation
(C++17) (C++23)
Identity function object
identity
(C++20)
Old binders and adaptors
( until C++17* )
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定义于头文件 <functional>
struct identity ;
(C++20 起)

std::identity 是一个函数对象类型,其 operator ( ) 会原封不动地返回其参数。

目录

成员类型

类型 定义
is_transparent 未指定

成员函数

operator()
返回未经修改的实参
(公开成员函数)

std::identity:: operator()

template < class T >
constexpr T && operator ( ) ( T && t ) const noexcept ;

返回 std:: forward < T > ( t )

参数

t - 要返回的参数

返回值

std:: forward < T > ( t )

注释

std::identity 约束算法 中作为默认投影使用。通常不需要直接使用它。

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string>
struct Pair
{
    int n;
    std::string s;
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Pair& p)
    {
        return os << '{' << p.n << ", " << p.s << '}';
    }
};
// 可打印经过投影(修改)后范围元素的区间打印机
template<std::ranges::input_range R,
         typename Projection = std::identity> //<- 注意默认投影
void print(std::string_view const rem, R&& range, Projection projection = {})
{
    std::cout << rem << '{';
    std::ranges::for_each(
        range,
        [O = 0](const auto& o) mutable { std::cout << (O++ ? ", " : "") << o; },
        projection
    );
    std::cout << "}\n";
}
int main()
{
    const auto v = {Pair{1, "one"}, {2, "two"}, {3, "three"}};
    print("使用 std::identity 作为投影进行打印: ", v);
    print("投影 Pair::n: ", v, &Pair::n);
    print("投影 Pair::s: ", v, &Pair::s);
    print("使用自定义闭包作为投影进行打印: ", v,
        [](Pair const& p) { return std::to_string(p.n) + ':' + p.s; });
}

输出:

使用 std::identity 作为投影进行打印: {{1, one}, {2, two}, {3, three}}
投影 Pair::n: {1, 2, 3}
投影 Pair::s: {one, two, three}
使用自定义闭包作为投影进行打印: {1:one, 2:two, 3:three}

参见

返回未经修改的类型实参
(类模板)