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std::condition_variable:: notify_all

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void notify_all ( ) noexcept ;
(自 C++11 起)

解除当前所有等待 * this 的线程阻塞状态。

注释

notify_one() / notify_all() 的效果以及 wait() / wait_for() / wait_until() 的三个原子操作部分(解锁+等待、唤醒和加锁)的发生顺序构成一个单一的全序,可视为原子变量的 修改顺序 :该顺序特定于此条件变量。这使得例如 notify_one() 不可能被延迟,并解除那些恰好在 notify_one() 调用之后才开始等待的线程的阻塞状态。

通知线程不需要持有与等待线程相同的互斥锁上的锁。这样做可能是一种悲观优化,因为被通知的线程会立即再次阻塞,等待通知线程释放锁,不过某些实现能识别这种模式,不会尝试唤醒在锁下被通知的线程。

示例

#include <chrono>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
std::condition_variable cv;
std::mutex cv_m; // 此互斥锁用于三个目的:
                 // 1) 同步对 i 的访问
                 // 2) 同步对 std::cerr 的访问
                 // 3) 用于条件变量 cv
int i = 0;
void waits()
{
    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
    std::cerr << "Waiting... \n";
    cv.wait(lk, []{ return i == 1; });
    std::cerr << "...finished waiting. i == 1\n";
}
void signals()
{
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
        std::cerr << "Notifying...\n";
    }
    cv.notify_all();
    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
        i = 1;
        std::cerr << "Notifying again...\n";
    }
    cv.notify_all();
}
int main()
{
    std::thread t1(waits), t2(waits), t3(waits), t4(signals);
    t1.join(); 
    t2.join(); 
    t3.join();
    t4.join();
}

可能的输出:

Waiting...
Waiting...
Waiting...
Notifying...
Notifying again...
...finished waiting. i == 1
...finished waiting. i == 1
...finished waiting. i == 1

参见

通知一个等待线程
(公开成员函数)
C 文档 for cnd_broadcast