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Standard library header <ostream>

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Standard library headers

此头文件是 输入/输出 库的组成部分。

目录

包装给定的抽象设备( std::basic_streambuf
并提供高级输出接口
(类模板)
std::ostream std:: basic_ostream < char >
(类型别名)
std::wostream std:: basic_ostream < wchar_t >
(类型别名)

函数

插入字符数据或插入到右值流
(函数模板)
输出参数的 格式化 表示
(函数模板)
输出参数的 格式化 表示并附加 ' \n '
(函数模板)
使用 类型擦除 的参数表示执行 Unicode 感知输出
(函数)
使用 类型擦除 的参数表示输出字符数据
(函数)
操纵器
输出 ' \n ' 并刷新输出流
(函数模板)
输出 ' \0 '
(函数模板)
刷新输出流
(函数模板)
控制流的 basic_syncbuf 是否在刷新时发射
(函数模板)
(C++20)
刷新流并在使用 basic_syncbuf 时发射内容
(函数模板)

概要

namespace std {
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
    class basic_ostream;
  using ostream  = basic_ostream<char>;
  using wostream = basic_ostream<wchar_t>;
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& endl(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& ends(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& flush(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& emit_on_flush(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& noemit_on_flush(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& flush_emit(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os);
  template<class Ostream, class T>
    Ostream&& operator<<(Ostream&& os, const T& x);
  // 打印函数
  template<class... Args>
    void print(ostream& os, format_string<Args...> fmt, Args&&... args);
  template<class... Args>
    void println(ostream& os, format_string<Args...> fmt, Args&&... args);
  void println(ostream& os);
  void vprint_unicode(ostream& os, string_view fmt, format_args args);
  void vprint_nonunicode(ostream& os, string_view fmt, format_args args);
}

类模板 std::basic_ostream

namespace std {
  template<class CharT, class Traits = char_traits<CharT>>
  class basic_ostream : virtual public basic_ios<CharT, Traits> {
  public:
    // 类型(继承自 basic_ios)
    using char_type   = CharT;
    using int_type    = typename Traits::int_type;
    using pos_type    = typename Traits::pos_type;
    using off_type    = typename Traits::off_type;
    using traits_type = Traits;
    // 构造函数/析构函数
    explicit basic_ostream(basic_streambuf<char_type, Traits>* sb);
    virtual ~basic_ostream();
    // 前缀/后缀
    class sentry;
    // 格式化输出
    basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_ostream& (*pf)(basic_ostream&));
    basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_ios<CharT, Traits>& (*pf)(basic_ios<CharT, Traits>&));
    basic_ostream& operator<<(ios_base& (*pf)(ios_base&));
    basic_ostream& operator<<(bool n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(short n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned short n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(int n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned int n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(long n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(long long n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long long n);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(float f);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(double f);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(long double f);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(/*扩展浮点类型*/ f);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(const void* p);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(const volatile void* p);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(nullptr_t);
    basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_streambuf<char_type, Traits>* sb);
    // 非格式化输出
    basic_ostream& put(char_type c);
    basic_ostream& write(const char_type* s, streamsize n);
    basic_ostream& flush();
    // 定位操作
    pos_type tellp();
    basic_ostream& seekp(pos_type);
    basic_ostream& seekp(off_type, ios_base::seekdir);
  protected:
    // 复制/移动构造函数
    basic_ostream(const basic_ostream&) = delete;
    basic_ostream(basic_ostream&& rhs);
    // 赋值与交换
    basic_ostream& operator=(const basic_ostream&) = delete;
    basic_ostream& operator=(basic_ostream&& rhs);
    void swap(basic_ostream& rhs);
  };
  // 字符插入器
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>&, CharT);
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
    basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>&, char);
  template<class Traits>
    basic_ostream<char, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, Traits>&, char);
  template<class Traits>
    basic_ostream<char, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, Traits>&, signed char);
  template<class Traits>
    basic_ostream<char, Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<<span class="

std::basic_ostream::sentry

namespace std {
  template<class CharT, class Traits>
  class basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>::sentry {
    bool ok_;       // 仅用于说明
  public:
    explicit sentry(basic_ostream& os);
    ~sentry();
    explicit operator bool() const { return ok_; }
    sentry(const sentry&) = delete;
    sentry& operator=(const sentry&) = delete;
  };
}