std::ranges::find_end
来自 zh.cppreference.net
| 定义于头文件 <algorithm>
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| 调用签名 |
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template< std::forward_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1,
std::forward_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity >
requires std::indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr ranges::subrange<I1>
find_end( I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
Pred pred = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} );
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(1) | (自 C++20) |
template< ranges::forward_range R1, ranges::forward_range R2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity >
requires std::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,
ranges::iterator_t<R2>,
Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr ranges::borrowed_subrange_t<R1>
find_end( R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} );
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(2) | (自 C++20) |
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep,
std::random_access_iterator I1, std::sized_sentinel_for<I1> S1,
std::random_access_iterator I2, std::sized_sentinel_for<I2> S2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
ranges::subrange<I1> find_end( Ep&& policy, I1 first1, S1 last1,
I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} );
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(3) | (自 C++26) |
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep,
/*sized-random-access-range*/ R1,
/*sized-random-access-range*/ R2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,
ranges::iterator_t<R2>,
Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
ranges::borrowed_subrange_t<R1>
find_end( Ep&& policy, R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} );
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(4) | (自 C++26) |
关于 /*execution-policy*/ 的定义,参见此页面;关于 /*sized-random-access-range*/ 的定义,参见此页面。
在源范围中搜索目标范围的最后一次出现。元素(分别由 proj1 和 proj2 投影)使用二元谓词 pred 进行比较。
1) 源范围为
[first1, last1),目标范围为 [first2, last2)。2) 源范围为
r1,目标范围为 r2。3,4) 同 (1,2),但根据
policy 执行。此页面上描述的函数式实体是 算法函数对象(非正式地称为 niebloids),即:
参数
| first1, last1 | - | 定义源范围的迭代器-哨兵对 范围 |
| first2, last2 | - | 定义目标范围的迭代器-哨兵对 范围 |
| r1 | - | 源范围 |
| r2 | - | 目标范围 |
| pred | - | 应用于(投影后)元素的谓词 |
| proj1 | - | 应用于源范围中元素的投影 |
| proj2 | - | 应用于目标范围中元素的投影 |
| policy | - | 执行策略 要使用的 |
返回值
一个子范围,对应于目标范围在源范围中最后一次出现的位置。
如果目标范围为空,或未在源范围中出现,则返回一个空范围。
复杂度
给定 N1 作为 ranges::distance(first1, last1) 或 ranges::distance(r1),且 N2 作为 ranges::distance(first2, last2) 或 ranges::distance(r2):
1,2) 最多 N2⋅(N1-N2+1) 次
pred 和 proj 的应用。3,4) 𝓞(N2⋅(N1-N2+1)) 次
pred 和 proj 的应用。异常
3,4) 在执行过程中:
- 如果并行化所需的临时内存资源不可用,std::bad_alloc 被抛出。
- 如果在通过算法参数访问对象时抛出未捕获的异常,则行为由执行策略决定(对于标准策略,std::terminate 被调用)。
注释
如果迭代器类型是bidirectional_iterator模型,则实现可以通过从末尾向开头搜索来提高搜索效率。建模为random_access_iterator可能会提高比较速度。然而,所有这些都不会改变最坏情况的理论复杂度。
可能的实现
struct find_end_fn
{
template<std::forward_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1,
std::forward_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr ranges::subrange<I1>
operator()(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
{
if (first2 == last2)
{
auto last_it = ranges::next(first1, last1);
return {last_it, last_it};
}
auto result = ranges::search(std::move(first1), last1,
first2, last2, pred, proj1, proj2);
if (result.empty())
return result;
for (;;)
{
auto new_result = ranges::search(std::next(result.begin()), last1,
first2, last2, pred, proj1, proj2);
if (new_result.empty())
return result;
else
result = std::move(new_result);
}
}
template<ranges::forward_range R1, ranges::forward_range R2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity,
class Proj2 = std::identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,
ranges::iterator_t<R2>,
Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr ranges::borrowed_subrange_t<R1>
operator()(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
{
return (*this)(ranges::begin(r1),
ranges::next(ranges::begin(r1), ranges::end(r1)),
ranges::begin(r2),
ranges::next(ranges::begin(r2), ranges::end(r2)),
std::move(pred), std::move(proj1), std::move(proj2));
}
};
inline constexpr find_end_fn find_end{};
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示例
运行此代码
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <cctype>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string_view>
void print(const auto haystack, const auto needle)
{
const auto pos = std::distance(haystack.begin(), needle.begin());
std::cout << "In \"";
for (const auto c : haystack)
std::cout << c;
std::cout << "\" found \"";
for (const auto c : needle)
std::cout << c;
std::cout << "\" at position [" << pos << ".." << pos + needle.size() << ")\n"
<< std::string(4 + pos, ' ') << std::string(needle.size(), '^') << '\n';
}
int main()
{
using namespace std::literals;
using std::ranges::find_end;
constexpr auto secret{"password password word..."sv};
constexpr auto wanted{"password"sv};
constexpr auto found1 = find_end(secret.cbegin(), secret.cend(),
wanted.cbegin(), wanted.cend());
print(secret, found1);
constexpr auto found2 = find_end(secret, "word"sv);
print(secret, found2);
const auto found3 = find_end(secret, "ORD"sv,
[](const char x, const char y)
{ // uses a binary predicate
return std::tolower(x) == std::tolower(y);
});
print(secret, found3);
const auto found4 = find_end(secret, "SWORD"sv, {}, {},
[](char c) { return std::tolower(c); }); // projects the 2nd range
print(secret, found4);
static_assert(find_end(secret, "PASS"sv).empty()); // => not found
}
输出:
In "password password word..." found "password" at position [9..17)
^^^^^^^^
In "password password word..." found "word" at position [18..22)
^^^^
In "password password word..." found "ord" at position [19..22)
^^^
In "password password word..." found "sword" at position [12..17)
^^^^^
参见
| 查找某一范围内的最后一个元素序列 (函数模板) | |
(C++23)(C++23)(C++23) |
查找满足特定条件的最后一个元素 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20)(C++20)(C++20) |
查找满足特定条件的第一个元素 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
搜索一组元素中的任何一个 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
查找相等(或满足给定谓词)的前两个相邻元素 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
搜索 某一元素范围的首次出现 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
搜索范围内某个元素的多个连续副本的首次出现 (算法函数对象) |