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std::ranges:: partial_sort_copy, std::ranges:: partial_sort_copy_result

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Algorithm library
Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges (C++20)
Constrained algorithms, e.g. ranges::copy , ranges::sort , ...
Execution policies (C++17)
Non-modifying sequence operations
Batch operations
(C++17)
Search operations
Modifying sequence operations
Copy operations
(C++11)
(C++11)
Swap operations
Transformation operations
Generation operations
Removing operations
Order-changing operations
(until C++17) (C++11)
(C++20) (C++20)
Sampling operations
(C++17)

Sorting and related operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations
(on partitioned ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Merge operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
Lexicographical comparison operations
Permutation operations
C library
Numeric operations
Operations on uninitialized memory
Constrained algorithms
All names in this menu belong to namespace std::ranges
Non-modifying sequence operations
Modifying sequence operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations (on sorted ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
Permutation operations
Fold operations
Operations on uninitialized storage
Return types
定义于头文件 <algorithm>
调用签名
template < std:: input_iterator I1, std:: sentinel_for < I1 > S1,

std:: random_access_iterator I2, std:: sentinel_for < I2 > S2,
class Comp = ranges:: less , class Proj1 = std:: identity ,
class Proj2 = std:: identity >
requires std:: indirectly_copyable < I1, I2 > &&
std:: sortable < I2, Comp, Proj2 > &&
std:: indirect_strict_weak_order < Comp, std :: projected < I1, Proj1 > ,
std :: projected < I2, Proj2 >>
constexpr partial_sort_copy_result < I1, I2 >
partial_sort_copy ( I1 first, S1 last, I2 result_first, S2 result_last,

Comp comp = { } , Proj1 proj1 = { } , Proj2 proj2 = { } ) ;
(1) (C++20 起)
template < ranges:: input_range R1, ranges:: random_access_range R2,

class Comp = ranges:: less , class Proj1 = std:: identity ,
class Proj2 = std:: identity >
requires std:: indirectly_copyable < ranges:: iterator_t < R1 > , ranges:: iterator_t < R2 >> &&
std:: sortable < ranges:: iterator_t < R2 > , Comp, Proj2 > &&
std:: indirect_strict_weak_order < Comp, std :: projected < ranges:: iterator_t < R1 > ,
Proj1 > , std :: projected < ranges:: iterator_t < R2 > , Proj2 >>
constexpr partial_sort_copy_result < ranges:: borrowed_iterator_t < R1 > ,
ranges:: borrowed_iterator_t < R2 >>
partial_sort_copy ( R1 && r, R2 && result_r,

Comp comp = { } , Proj1 proj1 = { } , Proj2 proj2 = { } ) ;
(2) (C++20 起)
辅助类型
template < class I, class O >
using partial_sort_copy_result = ranges:: in_out_result < I, O > ;
(3) (C++20 起)

从源范围 [ first , last ) 复制前 N 个元素到目标范围 [ result_first , result_first + N ) ,操作效果类似于该范围已根据 comp proj1 进行了部分排序。其中 N = min(L₁, L₂) L₁ 等于 ranges:: distance ( first, last ) L₂ 等于 ranges:: distance ( result_first, result_last )

相等元素的顺序 保证会被保留。

1) 源范围元素通过函数对象 proj1 进行投影,目标元素通过函数对象 proj2 进行投影。
2) (1) 相同,但使用 r 作为源范围, result_r 作为目标范围,其行为相当于使用 ranges:: begin ( r ) 作为 first ranges:: end ( r ) 作为 last ranges:: begin ( result_r ) 作为 result_first ,以及 ranges:: end ( result_r ) 作为 result_last

本页面描述的函数式实体是 算法函数对象 (非正式称为 niebloids ),即:

目录

参数

first, last - 定义待复制元素来源 范围 的迭代器-哨位对
r - 待复制的来源范围
result_first, result_last - 定义目标元素 范围 的迭代器-哨位对
result_r - 目标范围
comp - 应用于投影元素的比较器
proj1 - 应用于来源范围元素的投影器
proj2 - 应用于目标范围元素的投影器

返回值

一个等于 { last, result_first + N } 的对象。

复杂度

最多进行 L₁•log(N) 次比较和 2•L₁•log(N) 次投影。

可能的实现

struct partial_sort_copy_fn
{
    template<std::input_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1,
             std::random_access_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = std::identity,
             class Proj2 = std::identity>
    requires std::indirectly_copyable<I1, I2> && std::sortable<I2, Comp, Proj2> &&
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<Comp, std::projected<I1, Proj1>,
             std::projected<I2, Proj2>>
    constexpr ranges::partial_sort_copy_result<I1, I2>
        operator()(I1 first, S1 last, I2 result_first, S2 result_last,
                   Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
    {
        if (result_first == result_last)
            return {std::move(ranges::next(std::move(first), std::move(last))),
                    std::move(result_first)};
        auto out_last{result_first};
        // 复制前N个元素
        for (; !(first == last or out_last == result_last); ++out_last, ++first)
            *out_last = *first;
        // 将已复制的N个元素转换为最大堆
        ranges::make_heap(result_first, out_last, comp, proj2);
        // 处理输入范围的剩余部分(如有),保持堆属性
        for (; first != last; ++first)
        {
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj1, *first),
                                  std::invoke(proj2, *result_first)))
            {
                // 弹出最大项并推入新发现的较小项
                ranges::pop_heap(result_first, out_last, comp, proj2);
                *(out_last - 1) = *first;
                ranges::push_heap(result_first, out_last, comp, proj2);
            }
        }
        // 输出范围的前N个元素仍为堆 - 将其转换为有序范围
        ranges::sort_heap(result_first, out_last, comp, proj2);
        return {std::move(first), std::move(out_last)};
    }
    template<ranges::input_range R1, ranges::random_access_range R2,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = std::identity,
             class Proj2 = std::identity>
    requires std::indirectly_copyable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>, ranges::iterator_t<R2>> &&
             std::sortable<ranges::iterator_t<R2>, Comp, Proj2> &&
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<Comp, std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,
             Proj1>, std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>>
    constexpr ranges::partial_sort_copy_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R1>,
              ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R2>>
        operator()(R1&& r, R2&& result_r, Comp comp = {},
                   Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), <span class="kw290

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <forward_list>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string_view>
#include <vector>
void print(std::string_view rem, std::ranges::input_range auto const& v)
{
    for (std::cout << rem; const auto& e : v)
        std::cout << e << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}
int main()
{
    const std::forward_list source{4, 2, 5, 1, 3};
    print("按升序写入较小的向量: ", "");
    std::vector dest1{10, 11, 12};
    print("常量源列表: ", source);
    print("目标范围: ", dest1);
    std::ranges::partial_sort_copy(source, dest1);
    print("partial_sort_copy: ", dest1);
    print("按降序写入较大的向量:", "");
    std::vector dest2{10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
    print("常量源列表: ", source);
    print("目标范围: ", dest2);
    std::ranges::partial_sort_copy(source, dest2, std::greater{});
    print("partial_sort_copy: ", dest2);
}

输出:

按升序写入较小的向量:
常量源列表: 4 2 5 1 3
目标范围: 10 11 12
partial_sort_copy: 1 2 3
按降序写入较大的向量:
常量源列表: 4 2 5 1 3
目标范围: 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
partial_sort_copy: 5 4 3 2 1 15 16

参见

对范围的前 N 个元素进行排序
(算法函数对象)
将范围按升序排序
(算法函数对象)
对元素范围进行排序,同时保持相等元素之间的顺序
(算法函数对象)
将最大堆转换为按升序排序的元素范围
(算法函数对象)
从元素范围创建最大堆
(算法函数对象)
向最大堆添加元素
(算法函数对象)
从最大堆中移除最大元素
(算法函数对象)
复制并部分排序元素范围
(函数模板)