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std::ranges:: partial_sort

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Algorithm library
Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges (C++20)
Constrained algorithms, e.g. ranges::copy , ranges::sort , ...
Execution policies (C++17)
Non-modifying sequence operations
Batch operations
(C++17)
Search operations
Modifying sequence operations
Copy operations
(C++11)
(C++11)
Swap operations
Transformation operations
Generation operations
Removing operations
Order-changing operations
(until C++17) (C++11)
(C++20) (C++20)
Sampling operations
(C++17)

Sorting and related operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations
(on partitioned ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Merge operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
Lexicographical comparison operations
Permutation operations
C library
Numeric operations
Operations on uninitialized memory
Constrained algorithms
All names in this menu belong to namespace std::ranges
Non-modifying sequence operations
Modifying sequence operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations (on sorted ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
Permutation operations
Fold operations
Operations on uninitialized storage
Return types
定义于头文件 <algorithm>
调用签名
template < std:: random_access_iterator I, std:: sentinel_for < I > S,

class Comp = ranges:: less , class Proj = std:: identity >
requires std:: sortable < I, Comp, Proj >
constexpr I

partial_sort ( I first, I middle, S last, Comp comp = { } , Proj proj = { } ) ;
(1) (C++20 起)
template < ranges:: random_access_range R,

class Comp = ranges:: less , class Proj = std:: identity >
requires std:: sortable < ranges:: iterator_t < R > , Comp, Proj >
constexpr ranges:: borrowed_iterator_t < R >
partial_sort ( R && r, ranges:: iterator_t < R > middle, Comp comp = { } ,

Proj proj = { } ) ;
(2) (C++20 起)
1) 重新排列元素,使得范围 [ first , middle ) 包含范围 [ first , last ) 中已排序的 middle - first 个最小元素。
相等元素的顺序 保证会被保留。范围 [ middle , last ) 中剩余元素的顺序是 未指定的
元素使用给定的二元比较函数 comp 进行比较,并使用投影函数对象 proj 进行投影。
2) (1) 相同,但使用 r 作为范围,如同将 ranges:: begin ( r ) 作为 first ,并将 ranges:: end ( r ) 作为 last

本页面描述的函数式实体是 算法函数对象 (非正式称为 niebloids ),即:

目录

参数

first, last - 定义待重排元素范围的 区间 的迭代器-哨位对
r - 待重排的元素范围
middle - 区间 [ first , middle ) 将被排序
comp - 应用于投影元素的比较器
proj - 应用于元素的投影

返回值

一个等于 last 的迭代器。

复杂度

𝓞(N·log(M)) 次比较和两倍的投影次数,其中 N ranges:: distance ( first, last ) M ranges:: distance ( first, middle )

可能的实现

struct partial_sort_fn
{
    template<std::random_access_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = std::identity>
    requires std::sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
    constexpr I
        operator()(I first, I middle, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        if (first == middle)
            return ranges::next(first, last);
        ranges::make_heap(first, middle, comp, proj);
        auto it {middle};
        for (; it != last; ++it)
        {
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *it), std::invoke(proj, *first)))
            {
                ranges::pop_heap(first, middle, comp, proj);
                ranges::iter_swap(middle - 1, it);
                ranges::push_heap(first, middle, comp, proj);
            }
        }
        ranges::sort_heap(first, middle, comp, proj);
        return it;
    }
    template<ranges::random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = std::identity>
    requires std::sortable<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
    constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        operator()(R&& r, ranges::iterator_t<R> middle, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), std::move(middle), ranges::end(r),
                       std::move(comp), std::move(proj));
    }
};
inline constexpr partial_sort_fn partial_sort {};

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
void print(const auto& v)
{
    for (const char e : v)
        std::cout << e << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}
void underscore(int n)
{
    while (n-- > 0)
        std::cout << "^ ";
    std::cout << '\n';
}
int main()
{
    static_assert('A' < 'a');
    std::vector<char> v {'x', 'P', 'y', 'C', 'z', 'w', 'P', 'o'};
    print(v);
    const int m {3};
    std::ranges::partial_sort(v, v.begin() + m);
    print(v), underscore(m);
    static_assert('1' < 'a');
    std::string s {"3a1b41c5"};
    print(s);
    std::ranges::partial_sort(s.begin(), s.begin() + m, s.end(), std::greater {});
    print(s), underscore(m);
}

输出:

x P y C z w P o
C P P y z x w o
^ ^ ^
3 a 1 b 4 1 c 5
c b a 1 3 1 4 5
^ ^ ^

参见

复制并部分排序一个元素范围
(算法函数对象)
将范围按升序排序
(算法函数对象)
排序元素范围并保持相等元素间的顺序
(算法函数对象)
部分排序给定范围,确保其按给定元素划分
(算法函数对象)
从元素范围创建最大堆
(算法函数对象)
从最大堆中移除最大元素
(算法函数对象)
向最大堆添加元素
(算法函数对象)
将最大堆转换为按升序排序的元素范围
(算法函数对象)
排序范围的前N个元素
(函数模板)