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std::ranges:: lexicographical_compare

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Algorithm library
Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges (C++20)
Constrained algorithms, e.g. ranges::copy , ranges::sort , ...
Execution policies (C++17)
Non-modifying sequence operations
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(C++17)
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(C++11)
(C++11)
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(until C++17) (C++11)
(C++20) (C++20)
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(C++17)

Sorting and related operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations
(on partitioned ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Merge operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
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Lexicographical comparison operations
Permutation operations
C library
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All names in this menu belong to namespace std::ranges
Non-modifying sequence operations
Modifying sequence operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations (on sorted ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
Permutation operations
Fold operations
Operations on uninitialized storage
Return types
定义于头文件 <algorithm>
调用签名
template < std:: input_iterator I1, std:: sentinel_for < I1 > S1,

std:: input_iterator I2, std:: sentinel_for < I2 > S2,
class Proj1 = std:: identity , class Proj2 = std:: identity ,
std:: indirect_strict_weak_order <
std :: projected < I1, Proj1 > ,
std :: projected < I2, Proj2 >> Comp = ranges:: less >
constexpr bool
lexicographical_compare ( I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,

Comp comp = { } , Proj1 proj1 = { } , Proj2 proj2 = { } ) ;
(1) (C++20 起)
template < ranges:: input_range R1, ranges:: input_range R2,

class Proj1 = std:: identity , class Proj2 = std:: identity ,
std:: indirect_strict_weak_order <
std :: projected < ranges:: iterator_t < R1 > , Proj1 > ,
std :: projected < ranges:: iterator_t < R2 > , Proj2 >> Comp = ranges:: less >
constexpr bool
lexicographical_compare ( R1 && r1, R2 && r2, Comp comp = { } ,

Proj1 proj1 = { } , Proj2 proj2 = { } ) ;
(2) (C++20 起)

检查第一个范围 [ first1 , last1 ) 是否在字典序上 小于 第二个范围 [ first2 , last2 )

1) 使用给定的二元比较函数 comp 对元素进行比较。
2) (1) 相同,但使用 r 作为源范围,如同使用 ranges:: begin ( r ) 作为 first ,以及 ranges:: end ( r ) 作为 last

字典序比较是一种具有以下特性的操作:

  • 两个范围按元素逐个比较。
  • 第一个不匹配的元素决定了哪个范围在字典序上更 或更
  • 如果一个范围是另一个的前缀,则较短的范围在字典序上更
  • 如果两个范围具有等效元素且长度相同,则这两个范围在字典序上 相等
  • 空范围在字典序上比任何非空范围都更
  • 两个空范围在字典序上 相等

本页面描述的函数式实体是 算法函数对象 (非正式称为 niebloids ),即:

目录

参数

first1, last1 - 定义待检验元素第一个 范围 的迭代器-哨位对
r1 - 待检验元素的第一个范围
first2, last2 - 定义待检验元素第二个 范围 的迭代器-哨位对
r2 - 待检验元素的第二个范围
comp - 应用于投影元素的比较函数
proj1 - 应用于第一个元素范围的投影
proj2 - 应用于第二个元素范围的投影

返回值

true 如果第一个范围在字典序上 小于 第二个范围。

复杂度

最多 2·min(N1, N2) 次比较运算及对应的投影操作,其中 N1 = ranges:: distance ( first1, last1 ) N2 = ranges:: distance ( first2, last2 )

可能的实现

struct lexicographical_compare_fn
{
    template<std::input_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1,
             std::input_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
                 std::projected<I1, Proj1>,
                 std::projected<I2, Proj2>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr bool operator()(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
                              Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
    {
        for (; (first1 != last1) && (first2 != last2); ++first1, (void) ++first2)
        {
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj1, *first1), std::invoke(proj2, *first2)))
                return true;
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj2, *first2), std::invoke(proj1, *first1)))
                return false;
        }
        return (first1 == last1) && (first2 != last2);
    }
    template<ranges::input_range R1, ranges::input_range R2,
             class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
                 std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                 std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr bool operator()(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Comp comp = {},
                              Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r1), ranges::end(r1),
                       ranges::begin(r2), ranges::end(r2),
                       std::ref(comp), std::ref(proj1), std::ref(proj2));
    }
};
inline constexpr lexicographical_compare_fn lexicographical_compare;

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <random>
#include <vector>
int main()
{
    std::vector<char> v1 {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'};
    std::vector<char> v2 {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'};
    namespace ranges = std::ranges;
    auto os = std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout, " ");
    std::mt19937 g {std::random_device {}()};
    while (not ranges::lexicographical_compare(v1, v2))
    {
        ranges::copy(v1, os);
        std::cout << ">= ";
        ranges::copy(v2, os);
        std::cout << '\n';
        ranges::shuffle(v1, g);
        ranges::shuffle(v2, g);
    }
    ranges::copy(v1, os);
    std::cout << "<  ";
    ranges::copy(v2, os);
    std::cout << '\n';
}

可能的输出:

a b c d >= a b c d
d a b c >= c b d a
b d a c >= a d c b
a c d b <  c d a b

参见

判断两组元素是否相同
(算法函数对象)
若一个范围按字典序小于另一个范围则返回 true
(函数模板)