std::ranges:: iota, std::ranges:: iota_result

用从 value 开始的值，并通过重复执行 ++ value 依次递增，填充范围 [ first , last ) 。

等效操作：

*(first)     = value;
*(first + 1) = ++value;
*(first + 2) = ++value;
*(first + 3) = ++value;
...

参数

返回值

{ last, value + ranges:: distance ( first, last ) }

复杂度

恰好需要 last - first 次递增和赋值操作。

可能的实现

struct iota_fn
{
    template<std::input_or_output_iterator O, std::sentinel_for<O> S,
            std::weakly_incrementable T>
    requires std::indirectly_writable<O, const T&>
    constexpr iota_result<O, T> operator()(O first, S last, T value) const
    {
        while (first != last)
        {
            *first = as_const(value);
            ++first;
            ++value;
        }
        return {std::move(first), std::move(value)};
    }
    template<std::weakly_incrementable T, std::ranges::output_range<const T&> R>
    constexpr iota_result<std::ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>, T>
    operator()(R&& r, T value) const
    {
        return (*this)(std::ranges::begin(r), std::ranges::end(r), std::move(value));
    }
};
inline constexpr iota_fn iota;

注释

该函数得名于编程语言 APL 中的整数函数 ⍳ 。

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <numeric>
#include <random>
#include <vector>
template <typename Proj = std::identity>
void println(auto comment, std::ranges::input_range auto&& range, Proj proj = {})
{
    for (std::cout << comment; auto const &element : range)
        std::cout << proj(element) << ' ';
    std::cout << '\n';
}
int main()
{
    std::list<int> list(8);
    // Fill the list with ascending values: 0, 1, 2, ..., 7
    std::ranges::iota(list, 0);
    println("List: ", list);
    // A vector of iterators (see the comment to Example)
    std::vector<std::list<int>::iterator> vec(list.size());
    // Fill with iterators to consecutive list's elements
    std::ranges::iota(vec.begin(), vec.end(), list.begin());
    std::ranges::shuffle(vec, std::mt19937 {std::random_device {}()});
    println("List viewed via vector: ", vec, [](auto it) { return *it; });
}

List: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
List viewed via vector: 5 7 6 0 1 3 4 2

参见