std::ranges::max_element

template< std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order<std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr I
    max_element( I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );

template< ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
              std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
    max_element( R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );

本页描述的函数式实体是 算法函数对象（非正式称为 niebloids），即：

• 调用它们时不能指定显式模板实参列表。
• 它们对 实参依赖查找不可见。
• 当它们被通过 常规非限定查找找到为函数调用运算符左侧的名称时，实参依赖查找被抑制。

参数

返回值

指向范围 [ first , last ) 中最大元素的迭代器。若范围内存在多个等价的最大元素，则返回首个该元素的迭代器。若范围为空（即 first == last ），则返回与 last 相等的迭代器。

复杂度

恰好需要 max(N - 1, 0) 次比较，其中 N = ranges:: distance ( first, last ) 。

可能的实现

struct max_element_fn
{
    template<std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr I operator()(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        if (first == last)
            return last;
        auto largest = first;
        while (++first != last)
            if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *largest), std::invoke(proj, *first)))
                largest = first;
        return largest;
    }
    template<ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order<
                 std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        operator()(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), std::ref(comp), std::ref(proj));
    }
};
inline constexpr max_element_fn max_element;

示例

#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    namespace ranges = std::ranges;
    const auto v = {3, 1, -14, 1, 5, 9, -14, 9};
    auto result = ranges::max_element(v.begin(), v.end());
    std::cout << "Max element at pos " << ranges::distance(v.begin(), result) << '\n';
    auto abs_compare = [](int a, int b) { return std::abs(a) < std::abs(b); };
    result = ranges::max_element(v, abs_compare);
    std::cout << "Absolute max element at pos "
              << ranges::distance(v.begin(), result) << '\n';
}

Max element at pos 5
Absolute max element at pos 2

参见